US Army Training Circular, TC 1-204, NIGHT FLIGHT TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES, 27 December 1988, military manuals (English Edition) [Kindle-editie] beoordelingen het boek quotes

US Army Training Circular, TC 1-204, NIGHT FLIGHT TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES, 27 December 1988, military manualsPREFACENight flight has assumed an increasingly important role in Army aviation. The Threat trains around the clock. To counter it, aviators must be able to conduct operations at night as well as during the day. Technological advances in night vision devices are enabling Army aviation to extend its operational capability to a 24 hour-a-day schedule. Ongoing improvements to these devices will further enhance aircrew performance during night operations.This publication provides aircrews a comprehensive document on night flight. It is intended to serve as a reference for night vision, unaided and aided night flight, and night vision training.CHAPTER 1 NIGHT VISION1-1. Night Vision Evaluation1-2. Eye Anatomy and Physiology1-3. Light Levels1-4. Vision Types1-5. Day Versus Night Vision1-6. Visual Problems1-7. Dark Adaptation1-8. Night Vision Protection1-9. Self-Imposed Stress1-10. Scanning Techniques1-11. Distance Estimation and Depth Perception1-12. Visual Illusions1-13. Aircraft Design Limitations1-14. Nerve Agents and Night Vision (Miosis)CHAPTER 2 AVIATION NIGHT VISION AIDSSection I IMAGE-INTENSIFIER SYSTEMS2-1. Development2-2. Operational Theory2-3. AN/PVS-5 Series2-4. AN/AVS-62-5. Adjustment Techniques2-6. Operational ConsiderationsSection II THERMAL-IMAGING SYSTEMS2-7. Operational Principles2-8. System Types2-9. Infrared Characteristics2-10. Operational ConsiderationsCHAPTER 3 HEMISPHERICAL ILLUMINATION AND METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS3-1. Light Sources3-2. Meteorological EffectsCHAPTER 4 TERRAIN INTERPRETATION4-1. Visual Recognition Cues4-2. Interpretation FactorsCHAPTER 5 NIGHT OPERATIONSSection I PREMISSION PLANNING5-1. Mission Briefing and Debriefing5-2. Crew Duties5-3. Common TerminologySection II PREFLIGHT GUIDELINES5-4. Preflight Inspection5-5. Aircraft Lighting5-6. Aircrew PreparationSection III NIGHT FLIGHT TECHNIQUES5-7. Limitations5-8. Hover5-9. Takeoff5-10. En Route5-11. Landing5-12. Pathfinder Operations5-13. External Load OperationsSection IV EMERGENCY AND SAFETY PROCEDURES5-14. Basic Considerations5-15. Electrical Failure5-16. Airport Traffic Control Light Signals5-17. Visual Night Signals5-18. Emergency Landing5-19. Ground Safety5-20. Air Safety5-21. Airspace ManagementCHAPTER 6 NIGHT TERRAIN FLIGHTSection I TERRAIN FLIGHT MODES AND COMMAND CONSIDERATIONS6-1. Terrain Flight Modes6-2. Command ConsiderationsSection II PLANNING GUIDELINES6-3. General Considerations6-4. Cockpit Teamwork and Coordination6-5. Aircraft Preparation and Equipment6-6. Maps and Visual Aids6-7. General Route and Air Control Point Planning6-8. Aided Night Mission Map Preparation6-9. Aided Night Mission Planning and Briefings6-10. Route Planning CardsCHAPTER 7 MULTIHELICOPTER OPERATIONSSection I CONSIDERATIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES7-1. Planning Considerations7-2. Supported Ground Unit Commander Responsibilities7-3. Air Mission or Flight Commander ResponsibilitiesSection II NIGHT FLIGHT FORMATIONS7-4. Aircraft Separation7-5. Night Formations7-6. Basic Night Formation Considerations7-7. Formation Takeoff7-8. Lead Changes7-9. Formation Changes7-10. Rendezvous and Join-Up Procedures7-11. Formation Breakup7-12. Formation Landing7-13. Vertical Helicopter IFR Recovery ProceduresSection III TACTICAL FORMATION FLIGHT7-14. Free-Cruise Technique7-15. Movement Techniques7-16. Crew Teamwork7-17. Mixed Aircraft FormationsCHAPTER 8 FIXED-WING NIGHT FLYING8-1. Preparation8-2. Taxi, Takeoff, and Departure Climb8-3. Orientation and Navigation8-4. Approaches and LandingsCHAPTER 9 DROP FLARE EMPLOYMENT9-1. Target Identification9-2. Description9-3. Fuze Setting9-4. Launch Procedures9-5. Flight Pattern9-6. Wind-Drift Correction9-7. Linear Target Illumination9-8. Safety Considerations9-9. Training Program