It is inward glow that makes the Sufi, not the religious habit." SA’D UD DIN MAHMUD SHABISTARI was born at Shabistar, near Tabriz, about A.D. 1250. He wrote the Gulshan i Raz, or Secret Rose Garden, as a reply to questions put forth by a Sufi doctor of Herat named Dmir Syad Hosaini. Very little is known of Mahmud Shabistari’s life. He wrote beside the Gulshan i Raz two treatises on Sufiism called Hakk ul Yakin and Risala i Shadid. We learn he had a very favourite disciple called Shaikh Ibrahim. The Gulshan i Raz was introduced into Europe by two travellers in 1700. Later, copies of the poem were found in several European libraries. In 1821 Dr. Tholuck, of Berlin, published extracts, and in 1825 a German translation of part of the poem appeared in another of his books. Afterwards a verse translation and the Persian text was published by Von Hammer Purgstall in Berlin and Vienna. The Gulshan i Raz was translated into English and published, with the Persian text and extracts from Hammer’s edition and Lajihi’s notes, by Mr. Whinfield in 1880.
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